Essay on Samudragupta in English
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. History of Samudragupta
3. Victory campaign on nine kingdoms of Aryavarta
4. Conquest of Atvik states
5. Conquest of South India
6. Relations with bordering states
7. Relations with foreign states or foreign policy
8. Empire Expansion
9. Ashwamedha Yagya
10. Evaluation of Samudragupta
11. Faith in religion
12. public servant
13.FAQs
essay on samudragupta in english
Preface
After Chandragupta I, the great ruler of the Gupta dynasty, his son Samudragupta became the ruler. It is known from the Prayag Prashasti that Samudragupta was the most capable prince and being impressed by his talents, Chandragupta I nominated him as his successor. Samudragupta's reign has special significance in the Gupta period history because for the security, prosperity and culture of the Indian nation, it was necessary to establish an umbrella state in India so that India could live happily in a political chain. Inspired by this ideal of Rajdharma, Samudragupta, the nurturer of Indian religion and culture, took upon himself the responsibility of tying India into a political thread and fulfilled it successfully.
History of Samudragupta
However, extensive information is obtained about Samudragupta from many inscriptions, pillar articles, seals and literary texts. But the most authentic material that throws light on Samudragupta is the Prayag Prashasti. This Prayag Prashasti is inscribed on the Pillar of Ashoka inside the Prayag Fort. Which was composed by Harishena, the famous scholar of Samudragupta's court. In this Prayag Prashasti, the major events, victory and rule etc. of Samudragupta's reign have been beautifully described.
Samudragupta's Digvijay
The biggest event in Samudragupta's life was his Digvijaya. After being on the throne, Samudragupta planned for Digvijay. According to the Prayag Prashasti, the objective of this plan was Dharani-Bandha (binding the earth). At the time when Samudra Gupta became the ruler, the whole of India was divided into small states. Samudragupta wanted to conquer these states and tie India in the thread of political unity.
The victory journey of Samudragupta can be described in the following order:-
Conquest campaign on nine kingdoms of Aryavarta
Conquest of the Atik kingdoms
Conquest of South India
relations with border states
relations with foreign states or foreign policy
Conquest campaign on nine kingdoms of Aryavarta
The areas between the Vindhyas and the Himalayas are called Aryavarta. Samudragupta defeated the kings of all northern India and included their kingdoms in his kingdom. He was completely successful in establishing Ekchhatra Raj. In politics, such a winner is called Asurvijayi. It is known from Prayag Prashasti that he had defeated 9 kings of Aryavarta. It is known from the lines (13-14, 21-23) of Prayag Prashasti that Samudragupta campaigned again in Aryavarta. Samudragupta adopted a harsh policy with these kingdoms and forcibly destroyed them and took away their kingdom.
Conquest of the Atik kingdoms
Before conquering the south, he thought it necessary to defeat the Atvik kings. Because to go south, he had to pass through the vast forests of central India. It is known from Prayag Prashasti that he conquered the Atvik kings and made them his servants. This is also confirmed by Eran's praise. The number of Atvik states was 18. This area has also been called Mahakantar. It was only after defeating the Atvik kings that Samudragupta moved towards south conquest.
Conquest of South India
After defeating the Atvik kings, Samudragupta moved towards south conquest. In this campaign, Samudragupta succeeded in conquering 12 states of the South. After the southern conquest, Samudragupta followed the Dharma Vijay policy with the southern kings. After defeating those kings, he returned his kingdom to them again. They accepted Samudragupta's suzerainty and Samudragupta returned to North India after receiving gifts and taxes from them. By this he showed his foresight and statesmanship. It is estimated that Samudragupta made the Vakataka Samanta in Central India his vassal. The kingdoms of the south started pleasing him with taxes, obedience and salutations.
Relations with border states
After defeating the southern kings, Samudragupta decided to conquer the frontier king. In this campaign, he defeated two types of rulers. Rulers of the first five different states and the second 9 republics. The frontier regions paid tribute to Samudragupta. Obeyed his orders and personally bowed down and accepted his strong rule in full.
Relations with foreign states or foreign policy
Beyond the boundaries of Samudragupta's empire were foreign states within and outside India. Like Sinhala and the islands across the ocean with whom he wanted to have proper relations. So that it can help in establishing peace. He made treaties of service and co-operation with them on the following terms:
Self request, gift of girls for service in the palace, gift of local things etc.
Accepted to circulate his order inscribed with Garuda Mudra (the official seal of the Guptas) in their respective territories. Hence it is clear that appropriate foreign states had established friendly relations with Samudragupta.
Empire expansion
Samudragupta established a huge empire with his many victories. Samudragupta's empire included almost the whole of northern India, the plateau of Chhattisgarh and Orissa and many regions of the eastern coast. In this way, his empire extended up to the Brahmaputra in the east, the Narmada in the south and the foothills of Kashmir in the north.
Samudragupta himself ruled over a large area of North India. In the north and east of the self-governing territory, 5 and nine Ganarajs in the west were Karad states under it. The condition of the 12 states of the South was also similar to these. Apart from these tax states, many foreign states were also under the influence of Samudragupta.
Ashwamedha Yagya
After Digvijay, Samudragupt also performed an Ashwamedha Yagya. On this occasion, he introduced a special type of gold currency. Whose figure of another horse is engraved and below it is written Ashwamedha Parakram. And on the other side of the currency (Rajadhiraj is conquering the earth and now he is conquering heaven, his power and glory are unmatched) is inscribed.
Evaluation of Samudragupta
Samudragupta was a man of versatility. He was the originator of Ranshastras and Shastra knowledge and a unique warrior. He considered it his duty to maintain constant contact with the scholars. He was a cultured person and his talent in the field of poetry was unique. He has also been called Kaviraj. He was also highly skilled in the art of music. A figure of her sitting on Bhadrapith playing Veena is found on one of her coins. He himself used to compose poetry. He overcame the opposition of Saraswati and Lakshmi by his bountiful rewards.
Faith in religion
In the religious field, he was about to establish the dignity of traditional religion. He used to walk on the path prescribed by the scriptures. He was the savior of the miserly, the poor, the orphaned and the desperate. The main duty of his life was public grace. He was a devotee of Vishnu, the Garuda vehicle, but respected other sects as well.
Public servant
In the religious field, he was about to establish the dignity of traditional religion. He used to walk on the path prescribed by the scriptures. He was the savior of the miserly, the poor, the orphaned and the desperate. The main duty of his life was public grace. He was a devotee of Vishnu, the Garuda vehicle, but respected other sects as well. His being Vaishnav could not hinder his strategic policy in any way and he remained a Kshatriya.
It is known from Eran Prashasti that his family life was also very beautiful and happy. Samudragupt was surrounded by sons and grandsons full of fame, prowess and influence. His life was happy from beginning to end.
FAQ's
1. Which title did Samudragupta hold?
Answer – Samudragupta assumed the title of “Maharajadhiraja”.
2. Why is Samudragupta called the Napoleon of India?
Answer- Samudragupta is called the Napoleon of India because this title has been given to him by historian AV Smith because he was a brave warrior, courageous, mighty and fearless ruler.
3. What was the name of Samudragupta's parents?
Answer – Samudragupta's father's name was Chandragupta I and mother's name was Kumaradevi.
4. Which ruler was Samudragupta of the Gupta dynasty?
Answer- Samudragupta was the second ruler of the Gupta dynasty.
5. What was the name of the court poet of Samudragupta?
Answer- The name of the court poet of Samudragupta was Harishena.
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